In order to understand the association of S100A12 with H. pylori-associated gastritis, one study investigated gastric mucosa tissue samples from 18 children and divided them in 3 groups: 6 children positive for H. pylori and gastritis (group 1), 6 children negative for both gastritis and H. pylori (group 2), and 6 children negative for H. pylori but positive for gastritis (group 3) [52]. Here, S100A12 is linked to gastritis.