Compared with those in the CHF group, the expression levels of NT-proBNP [5332 (6820) vs 1739 (3332)], P < 0.001], KIM-1 [127.5 (157.76) vs 82.23 (94.05) P = 0.006], NGAL [130.15 (92.07) vs 89.3 (48.3), P < 0.001], Cys C [2.0 (0.95) vs 1.14 (0.31), P < 0.001], H-FABP [2677.9 (4191.8) vs 1469.97 (1739.88), P < 0.001] and miR-21 [0.89 (0.89) vs 0.53 (0.44), P < 0.001] were higher in the CRS group. This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and congestive heart failure.