DCM-related cardiac fibrosis results in pathological fibrosis, which is mediated by enhanced expression of pro-fibrotic factors like TGF-β and extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as collagen I and III, decreased extracellular matrix degradation, and cardiac dysfunction, which finally causes irreversible heart failure and even death [22–25]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.