Niewczas et al. [45] recently published a study regarding TNFR, wherein they measured 194 circulating inflammatory proteins using aptamer-based proteomics analysis (Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer scan) in multiple cohorts consisting of a discovery (advanced stage of type 1 diabetes Joslin cohort), validation (advanced stage of type 2 diabetes Joslin cohort), and replication cohort (early stage of type 2 diabetes Pima Indians cohort). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus.