Moreover, studies suggested that ALA improves the cognitive dysfunction caused by Aβ1–42 in a mouse model of AD [23] and inhibits the proliferation of inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [24], and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in Aβ1–42-induced AD models [25]. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is Alzheimer disease.