PPIA and Bovine mastitis: In addition, we compared the innate immune response triggered by LPS in BME cells with those induced by the stimulation with Pam3CSK4 (a synthetic triacylated lipopeptide that activates toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)) and cyclophilin A (CyPA), an intracellular chemotaxis protein secreted by BME cells during inflammatory reactions which has being proposed as a marker for the early diagnosis of bovine mastitis [18,22,23,24,25].