POU5F1 and breast carcinoma: Upregulation of OCT-3/4 has been found in cervical cancer [3,55], TGCTs [5,56], and drug-resistant cells (prostate cancer) that showed significant increases in tumorigenicity [57,58], TICs [59], colon cancer [7], lung adenocarcinoma [60], and breast cancer [1,61] (Figure 3).