Moreover, a recent study showed that the OCT-3/4-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways play important roles in resistance to irradiation (IR) by suppressing IR-induced premature senescence in breast cancer cells [88]. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is breast carcinoma.