In our study performed in a panel of NSCLC adenocarcinoma cell lines, wild-type for EGFR and ALK, we demonstrated that PD-L1 levels were enhanced after treatment with pemetrexed, but not with other chemotherapeutic agents, as a consequence of the activation of mTOR/P70S6K and STAT3 intracellular signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and adenocarcinoma.