As a result, transformed macrophages expressed M2 markers (CD206, CD204 and CD163) and secreted chemo-attractants (CCL18, CCL22 and CXCL2) and pro-tumorigenic chemokines (IL-10, VEGF and TGF-β), leading to an increase in GBM proliferation and migration. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and glioblastoma.