The insulin dosage at delivery by birthweight ratio in the T2DM+CH group was higher than that in the T2DM alone group (p = 0.0006), that in the T1DM+HDP group (p = 0.0014), and that in the T1DM alone group (p = 0.0002; Fig 3C). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.