The insulin dosage at delivery by birthweight ratio in the T2DM+HDP group was higher than that in the T2DM+CH group (p = 0.0181), that in the T1DM+HDP group (p = 0.0329), and that in the T1DM alone group (p = 0.0045) (Fig 3C). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.