Besides the well-documented functions of Toll/NF-kB signaling in development and immunity, several reports suggest that Toll pathway is also required for cell death triggered by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) [26] or chromosomal instability (CIN) [27], yet the mechanism underlies Toll-induced cell death remain elusive. Here, TLR4 is linked to cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.