In addition, increased levels of proteins encoded by several genes in our “NP-SLE signature” are linked to active renal disease in SLE [Cxcl16 (71, 72), Axl (73, 74), Lgals3bp (75), Vcam-1 (72), ApoE (76)]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL16 and systemic lupus erythematosus.