TNF and Sepsis: The main observation across the entire sepsis patient study group was that plasma TNF-α levels were higher in patients with the heterozygous genotypes of TNF-α -238G/A and TNF-α -376G/A compared to the wild type (WT) homozygous genotype; the A allele was associated with increased concentration expression of the cytokines, though without reaching statistical significance (Fig. 1).