High levels of both GM-CSF and iPDL1 (soluble PD-1-IgG Fc) proteins in a dimer were produced and efficiently released from VV-iPDL1/GM-infected tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, as detected by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Fig. 1b–d, Supplementary Fig. 1). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is neoplasm.