In the present work, we found that the JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib may reduce the formation of aortic atherosclerotic plaques and decrease the contents of plasma TG, TC and LDL, while enhance HDL-C level in rabbit with atherosclerosis; meanwhile, ruxolitinib may also regulate the secretion of inflammatory components, such as IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α through the inactivation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway and the downregulation of SOCS3 expression. This evidence concerns the gene SOCS3 and atherosclerosis.