Additionally, analyses of a publicly available breast cancer patient gene expression database confirmed that NAE1 is overexpressed in TNBC patient samples compared to non-TNBC samples (p < 0.0001) while UBA3, UBE2M, and NEDD8 expression did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05) (Figure 2A–2D). Here, NEDD8 is linked to breast carcinoma.