According to a report in 2011, besides miR-UL112-5p, miR-US4-5p is another miRNA that specifically down-regulates ERAP1 expression during infection, thus inhibiting the presentation of antigenic viral peptides to CD8+ T cells and contributing to HCMV survival at the immediate-early or early stage of infection [36]. This evidence concerns the gene ERAP1 and infection.