In the animal model of myositis induced by intramuscular immunization with histdyl-tRNA synthetase, the TLR4 deficiency suppress the isotype change of the pathogenic autoimmune humoral response in a reaction dependent on Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor protein inducing IFN-β (TRIF) [53]. The gene discussed is TICAM1; the disease is myositis disease.