Perhaps pertinently therefore, by differentially sensing dietary and endogeneous lipids presented via CD1d on adipocytes, NKT cells have been proposed to play both pathogenic (promoting adipose tissue type-1 inflammation and insulin resistance) and also protective (not only via IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 production, but also by induction of beige cells and thermogenesis and “sensing” of microbiome dysbiosis) roles in obesity [64–68]. Here, IL4 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.