Thus, RAGE re‐expression in muscles of LLC‐bearing mice precedes the reduction of myofiber CSA and the loss of muscle, body, and fat mass, and RAGE overexpression is concomitant with increased serum levels of S100B and HMGB1 released by tumour cells, suggesting a role for RAGE signalling in the development of cancer cachexia. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and neoplasm.