However, under disease conditions, such as those seen with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and Alzheimer’s disease patients (45), RBM45 distributes within transactive response (TAR) DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43)-positive cytoplasmic inclusions, where RBM45 physically associates with TDP-43 (42). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.