The MAPK signaling pathway that consists of extracellular signal-related kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), c-JUN N-terminal kinase/stress activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK), and p38 [44], is involved in cell survival, cell-cycle progression, programmed cell death, and metastasis of cancer cells [45]. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and cancer.