An advance in the diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma was the discovery of recurrent, highly-specific balanced translocations leading to a chimeric gene fusion involving the RNA-binding TET (translocated in liposarcoma/Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1/TATA box binding protein-associated factor) gene family members, mainly EWSR1, and members of the E26 transformation-specific (ETS) gene family. The gene discussed is EWSR1; the disease is Ewing sarcoma.