RUNX1 and glioblastoma: Treatment of a human glioblastoma cell line with IL-1β was shown to up-regulate RUNX1 expression via the p38 MAPK cascade77 and TGF-β has been shown to increase RUNX1 expression in a range of cell types including adult hippocampal precursor cells,78 mesenchymal stem cells, CD4 T cells, and a mouse hepatocyte cell line.79