PDCD1 and cancer: We retrieved many previous studies and cancer databases, only collecting four high-quality LUAD datasets that contained both clinical and genomic information: 29 LUAD patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy (Science-LUAD) (1), 59 LUAD patients treated with PD-1 plus CTLA-4 blockade (Cancer Cell-LUAD) (2), 186 LUAD patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 therapy (JCO-LUAD) (3), and 478 LUAD patients without immunotherapy (TCGA-LUAD) (Figure 1; Table S1).