TRPV4 and inflammatory bowel disease: The TRPV4 mRNA expression and TRPV4 immunoreactivity in colon were remarkably upregulated in IBD patients (70, 72, 76), in particular, serosal blood vessels with active inflammation were more densely innervated by TRPV4-positive fibers, which often co-localized with the infiltrating CD45+ cells (73, 76).