Thus, in this study of a large community-based sample, we aimed to analyze the relationship between UA levels and endogenous gonadal hormone levels, including DHEA, TT, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), in men and postmenopausal women with diabetes; we especially focused on the association between UA and DHEA levels, highlighting the importance of using gonadal hormones as important biochemical markers in both clinical and basic studies on sex-specific mechanisms of hyperuricemia. The gene discussed is PLOD1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.