TP53 and carcinoma: Wild‐type p53 plays a key role in cell gene transcription, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation.24, 25, 26 The amount of wild‐type p53 protein is low in normal cells.27 The dominant components of p53 signalling, including p53, Bcl‐2 and Bax, have been extensively studied in carcinomas.28, 29 A previous study reported that p53 positively regulates Bax expression30 and negatively regulates the transcription of Bcl‐2.15, 30 Thus, p53 is likely to affect upstream pro‐apoptotic proteins to modulate their functions in the cytoplasm.