Consistent with this, Wang et al. [15], demonstrated in patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that high TMB, estimated by circulating tumor DNA in blood (bTMB), was associated with superior progression-free survival and objective response rates to anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapy compared to patients with low bTMB. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.