AIM2 and infection: For activation of the AIM2 inflammasome to occur during infection with intracellular bacteria such as F. novicida, IFNs must also upregulate IRF1 to induce GBPs and IRGB10 to carry out their roles in liberating bacterial ligands to be sensed by the inflammasomes.24–26 Together, multiple layers of IFN-mediated signaling tightly regulate activation of the AIM2 inflammasome.