The notion that BRAF V600E mutations are pharmacologically addressable by next-generation kinase inhibitors, such as Vemurafenib, open an important new avenue for personalized medicine in gangliogliomas difficult to approach surgically, i.e. in the dominant hemisphere and close to eloquent cortical regions, or with histopathologically atypical or anaplastic features [27, 39, 76]. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and ganglioglioma.