The level of IL-33 was increased locally in the gastric cells and gastric tissue homogenates of H. pylori-infected vs. uninfected animals at 7 and 28 days after the last inoculation (Figure 1B(i)–B(iii)), and systemically in the serum samples at 28 days post infection (Figure 1B(iv)). This evidence concerns the gene IL33 and infection.