There are several strategies currently under evaluation to induce autophagy-mediated cell death in cancer, including mTOR inhibitors; BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3) mimetics, which promote the liberation of Beclin-1 from Bcl2 and Bcl-XL inhibition [148]; cannabinoids, which induce an exacerbated ER stress on cancer cells ultimately leading to CHOP-mediated apoptotic cell death [149]; HDAC inhibitors, which act through the epigenetic modulation of autophagy [22,150] and natural compounds extracted from plants, herbs or insects [22,150]. The gene discussed is BCL2L1; the disease is cancer.