Liraglutide-mediated NF-κB inhibition and Sirt1 may also recover mitochondrial membrane integrity and complex I activity, improving mitochondrial function (as reported in epilepsy, ischemia or toxin exposure) [18,112,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129], and further protecting against oxidative stress [112,118,130,131], which may also rely on the inhibition of myeloperoxidase (via Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 downregulation of NADPH oxidase or PKCα membrane translocation, as reported in diabetic and stroke brain) [132]. Here, HMOX1 is linked to epilepsy.