As previously mentioned, monocytes are significantly more abundant in the mouse PJI model compared to MФs (approximately 10% versus < 1% of the total CD45+ infiltrate, respectively)[12–15]; therefore, to determine whether tuftsin-conjugated nanoparticles are targeted to monocytes in vivo during S. aureus PJI, mice received a single intra-articular injection of C or CT nanoparticles at day 7 post-infection, a time point corresponding to biofilm establishment [15], and were sacrificed 1–3 days later to assess nanoparticle uptake (Fig 3A). The gene discussed is PTPRC; the disease is juvenile polyposis syndrome.