Research has also found frequencies of ALDH2*1/*2 or ALDH2*2/*2 of 29%, 35.3%, 28.0%, and 37.9% in healthy controls, chronic hepatitis B patients without cirrhosis, patients with HBV-associated cirrhosis, and patients with HBV-associated HCC, respectively 39. The gene discussed is ALDH2; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.