Based on our findings, we hypothesized that phosphoinositide recycling might provide an effective target for anti-angiogenic anti-tumor treatment, as increased VEGFA and other pro-angiogenic ligands secreted by tumors in response to vascular insufficiency and hypoxia might facilitate anti-angiogenic effects, rather than help to overcome them (Fig. 1o, see summary schematic below). Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.