HMGB1 and brain ischemia: Some studies have shown that these proteins participate in disease mechanisms such as inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders, that the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is activated after cerebral ischemia, which can increase the expression of HMGB1 and aggravate post-ischemic inflammatory responses (Saydmohammed et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2019).