Although neuroinflammation per se was not investigated in this study, our results might give some clues to the effect of PGB on peripheral inflammation observed in PGB-indicated conditions (neuropathic pain conditions, fibromyalgia, epilepsy and generalized anxiety disorders) where inflammatory mechanisms and elevation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2 have been documented7–11,16,17. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is epilepsy.