Higher leptin levels were associated with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes in Model 1(HR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.05–1.58, P = 0.015), while higher adiponectin levels were associated with decreased risk (HR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.49–0.67; P < 0.0001). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and type 2 diabetes mellitus.