CCND1 and posterior cortical atrophy: Based on in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on PCa, several major signalling pathways and molecular targets of curcumin have been identified including AR, NF-κB, AP-1, PI3K/Akt, Bcl-2 family, Cyclin D1, and Wnt/ß-catenin as presented in Figure 3, will be discussed in detail as follows.