On Gag-stimulated CD4+ T-cells of HIV+TB, the dominant activation profile was CD38+HLA-DR−Ki67−, similar to bulk CD4+ T-cells (results not shown) while CD8+ T-cells showed both CD38+HLA-DR+Ki67− and CD38+HLA-DR−Ki67− phenotypes (results not shown). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is tuberculosis.