AKT1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: In summary, we propose the model shown in Figure 6: selective ligation of TNFR2 mediates the induction of pSTAT3Ser727 through the phosphorylation of VEGFR2/PI 3K/Akt/mTORC1/2 pathway leading to the survival of CSCs in ccRCC.