TNF and neoplasm: TNF is a putative autocrine and paracrine growth factor in RCC3, 44 and increases stemness via the induction of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition.45 TNF and STAT3 can regulate pluripotency.46, 47, 48, 49 Moreover, TNF can mediate the induction of TNFR2 expression through STAT3 contributing to the tumor‐promoting roles of STAT350 and regulate STAT3 through its binding to a −1,578 STAT response element in the TNFR2 promoter.47 These data support the role of STAT3 in TNFR2 signaling.