As i) illnesses associated with insulin resistance, such as obesity, exhibit increases in whole-body protein degradation, ii) insulin resistance is associated with muscle fat accumulation, and iii) high-fat diet enhances muscle protein catabolism associated with an increase in plasma FAs and a decrease in plasma adiponectin, the implication of obesity in cancer cachexia is an entirely plausible scenario [159]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is cancer.