STAT3 and glioma: Additionally, MDK, which is upregulated by Wnt/β-catenin in gliomas, contributes to tumor progression and metastasis by enhancing the growth, survival, and EMT of cancer cells; this is because MDK activates a Notch signaling that cross-talks with PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling [64,65,86,87].