Elevated galectin-3 level has also been observed in the myocardium in experimental studies of heart disease such as myocardial infarction, Ren-2 rats prone to heart-failure, interferon-γ-induced cardiomyopathy, angiotensin II-induced hypertension, streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure caused by pulmonary artery belts [22–25]. Here, REN is linked to heart failure.