The association between CF and increased secretion of both IL-18 and IL-1β, as well as pro-IL-1β mRNA transcripts, may suggest that inhibiting IL-1β alone, with drugs such as anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist, may prove less effective than drugs which target CFTR and, thereby, modify both IL-18 and IL-1β secretion. Here, IL18 is linked to cystic fibrosis.