The authors reasoned this was due to CIN-induced tumourigenesis producing ROS, to which Ask1 is sensitive (Sekine et al., 2012), while Wnd mediates JNK signalling in response to polarity-impairment (see also section “Upstream regulation of JNK signalling”) (Ma et al., 2016; Muzzopappa et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.