MAPK8 and Immunodeficiency: Other negative regulators of JNK signalling include the Striatin interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex members, Connector of kinase to AP-1 (Cka) and Striatin interacting protein (Strip) – when JNK signalling is activated via Immune Deficiency (IMD) signalling, part of the Drosophila innate immune system (reviewed in Hoffmann, 2003; Kaneko and Silverman, 2005), these molecules act to suppress JNK pathway activity (Bond and Foley, 2009; Ashton-Beaucage et al., 2014).