OCT-4 is a homeobox gene well known for its function in generating induced pluripotent stem cells (Bhartiya, 2013; Seiler et al., 2011); this gene has also been identified as an oncogene known for promoting the features of cancer stem cells (Li et al., 2017; Phiboonchaiyanan & Chanvorachote, 2017). Here, POU5F1 is linked to cancer.