In fact, targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis showed variable levels of efficacy across multiple tumor types and among patients with the same type of cancer, due to several factors such as gender, driver mutations, genomic instability (such as translocations in ALK, KRAS, EGFRI in lung cancer patients), and the degree of tumor metastases (62, 132). The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is cancer.